Strategic business movements? The migration of online romance fraudsters from Nigeria to Ghana
Lazarus, S.; Button, M.; Garba, KH.; Soares, AB.; Hughes, M. (2025) — Journal of Economic Criminology
Type: Journal Article
Country: United Kingdom
This catalog entry surveys the topic of cross-border movement among actors involved in online romance fraud, focusing on a shift from Nigeria to Ghana. The article situates the phenomenon within the broader field of econ...
Understanding the Characteristics of Pig Butchering Scams: Impact on Victims and Challenges for Law Enforcement in Indonesia
Type: Journal Article
Country: Indonesia
Tags: victim experience, offender tactics, law enforcement, platform policy, money mules, AI misuse, online dating platforms, cross-cultural
The study analyzes the pig-butchering scam, a cyber-enabled form of investment fraud that has expanded rapidly in Indonesia since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Also known as Sha Zhu Pan, this manipulative scheme bl...
A new type of victim? Profiling survivors of modern slavery in the online scam industry in Southeast Asia
Franceschini, Ivan; Li, Ling; Hu, Yige; Bo, Mark (2024) — Trends in Organized Crime
Type: Journal Article
This catalog entry examines the emergence within the online scam economy in Southeast Asia of a particular victim group—survivors of modern slavery who become entwined with organized illicit networks. It surveys how thes...
Analysis of "Pig-Butchering Scam" Type of Network Fraud from the Legal Perspective
Fu, Zhenglang (2024) — Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media
Type: Journal Article
Country: China
Tags: victim experience, AI misuse
This paper examines pig-butchering scams (Sha Zhu Pan) from a legal perspective, focusing on their causes, operation, challenges for China’s legal system, and possible countermeasures. Pig-butchering scams are distinguis...
Bi-Directional Exploitation of Human Trafficking Victims: Both Targets and Perpetrators in Cybercrime
Sarkar, Gargi; Shukla, Sandeep K. (2024) — Journal of Human Trafficking
Type: Journal Article
Country: Global
Tags: cybercrime, human trafficking, cyber-enabled trafficking, romance scams, pig butchering, transnational organized crime, policy and law enforcement, SEZs and cross-border crime
Bi-Directional Exploitation of Human Trafficking Victims: Both Targets and Perpetrators in Cybercrime is presented as a scholarly entry in the Journal of Human Trafficking that situates trafficking within cybercrime ecos...
Connecting Chinese and American Scam Victims examines how fraud experiences are shaped by cross-cultural and cross-border contexts, focusing on victimization in two national settings. The work surveys how digital platfor...
Kebijakan Hukum dalam Pemberantasan Pelaku Online Romance Fraud di Ruang Maya
Fikri, Ahmad Ma'mun (2024) — JCIC : Jurnal CIC Lembaga Riset dan Konsultan Sosial
Type: Journal Article
Country: Indonesia
Tags: law enforcement, platform policy, AI misuse, measurement, cross-cultural
Online romance fraud represents a category of cybercrime that exploits emotional manipulation to extract financial resources or secure personal information. The conduct has grown alongside rising internet penetration in...
Romance Scam as one of the main Challenges of cybercrime
Khukhunaishvili, Dina (2024)
Type: Article
Romance scams are a form of cybercrime in which a perpetrator cultivates a personal relationship with a target through online platforms, with the aim of financial gain or theft of sensitive information. The pattern typic...
Unveiling the Patterns of Romance Scams in South Korea
Choi, SW.; Lee, J.; Choi, YJ. (2024) — International Journal of Cyber Behavior, Psychology and Learning
Type: Journal Article
Country: South Korea
Tags: offender tactics
Romance scams are a form of cybercrime in which fraudsters cultivate online relationships to obtain money, personal information, or access to resources from targeted individuals. Global trends indicate a rising prevalenc...
Victim-offender overlap: the identity transformations experienced by trafficked Chinese workers escaping from pig-butchering scam syndicate
Wang, Fangzhou (2024) — Trends in Organized Crime
Type: Journal Article
Country: United States
Tags: victim experience, offender tactics, platform policy, AI misuse, social engineering, prevention
This study explores the intersection of human trafficking and online romance fraud within the context of the pig-butchering scam (Sha Zhu Pan, 杀猪盘). While the scam is widely recognized for combining romance and invest...
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