Find reporting by topic, place or language. Open a record to see why it was included and what the available evidence supports.
Matching coverage over time
Relationship-based deception
The chart uses every search filter above and all matching records, across every results page. The percentage denominator is all included URLs in the same dates, before theme, language, country or text filters.
Distinct included URLs matching these filters in each observation month. Select a point to explore its records. On small screens, scroll the chart horizontally.
A URL counts once per month and can appear in several months or themes. Themes describe the current record assessment; months show URL observations, not when events or each claim first appeared. Warnings, allegations and reported experiences are all included when coded. Partial months, collection gaps and changes in sources affect both measures. A higher share does not establish a higher risk to victims.
The report describes debt and a supposed Justin Bieber relationship involving a woman in the Harz. Dramatic consequences are not enough to code unspecified physical harm.
The metadata explicitly explains online romantic contact combined with foreign-exchange platform fraud. General prevention discussion, not a verified individual case or an endorsement of recovery advertising.
The headline explicitly connects supposed love to an investment-fraud script. The generic warning does not establish an individual case or verified losses.
The description explicitly explains romance-investment deception through a false successful-person persona, sustained chats and trust. General mechanism discussion in promotional-looking material; no distinct victim or actual loss verified.
The headline explicitly connects supposed love to an investment-fraud script. The generic warning does not establish an individual case or verified losses.
The description explicitly explains romance-investment deception through a false successful-person persona, sustained chats and trust. General mechanism discussion in promotional-looking material; no distinct victim or actual loss verified.
The description explicitly explains romance-investment deception through a false successful-person persona, sustained chats and trust. General mechanism discussion in promotional-looking material; no distinct victim or actual loss verified.
The headline explicitly connects supposed love to an investment-fraud script. The generic warning does not establish an individual case or verified losses.
Police reportedly arrested a man alleged to impersonate Elon Musk and use AI-generated romance reports against a woman. Defendant residence is not victim or court location.
The description explicitly explains romance-investment deception through a false successful-person persona, sustained chats and trust. General mechanism discussion in promotional-looking material; no distinct victim or actual loss verified.
The headline explicitly connects supposed love to an investment-fraud script. The generic warning does not establish an individual case or verified losses.
The headline explicitly connects supposed love to an investment-fraud script. The generic warning does not establish an individual case or verified losses.
The headline explicitly connects supposed love to an investment-fraud script. The generic warning does not establish an individual case or verified losses.
The description explicitly explains romance-investment deception through a false successful-person persona, sustained chats and trust. General mechanism discussion in promotional-looking material; no distinct victim or actual loss verified.
The headline explicitly connects supposed love to an investment-fraud script. The generic warning does not establish an individual case or verified losses.
The headline explicitly connects supposed love to an investment-fraud script. The generic warning does not establish an individual case or verified losses.
Reported claim of deceptive pursuit. No completed transfer or loss is stated; Hong Kong identifies the celebrity context, not necessarily incident location.
Reported claim of deceptive pursuit. No completed transfer or loss is stated; Hong Kong identifies the celebrity context, not necessarily incident location.
Generic relationship-building and investment-inducement narrative. Named-platform allegations and any recovery promise are unverified; this is not a confirmed individual incident.
Generic relationship-building and investment-inducement narrative. Named-platform allegations and any recovery promise are unverified; this is not a confirmed individual incident.
Generic relationship-building and investment-inducement narrative. Named-platform allegations and any recovery promise are unverified; this is not a confirmed individual incident.