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Living Evidence Synthesis

Revision history

Technology and AI

Approved public versions are listed newest first. Drafts, unsuccessful generation attempts, and versions not yet published through this Research Insight are excluded.

Approved public versions

  1. Version 7

    Initial version: compiles reviewed evidence on platforms, automation, AI, deepfakes, pig‑butchering, detection proposals, offender organisation, methodological strengths/limitations, and research priorities. No prior-version evidence changes to report.

    • Publications: 46 (-68)
    • Evidence statements: 175 (-160)
    • Cited sources: 46 (-68)

    Sources removed: Analysis of a Cryptocurrency Investment Scam: Pig Butchering; Analysis of the Romance Scam Phenomenon in Interpersonal Communication of Love Scammer & Victim; An Anatomy of ‘Pig Butchering Scams’: Chinese Victims’ and Police Officers’ Perspectives; Are fraud victims nothing more than animals? Critiquing the propagation of “pig butchering” (Sha Zhu Pan, 杀猪盘); and 64 more.

  2. Version 6

    Initial version of this technology/AI synthesis. It synthesizes diverse evidence on digital platforms, automation, AI, deepfakes, and emerging tech in online deception, drawing on the supplied reviewed evidence. No prior version exists for comparison within this dataset.

  3. Version 5

    This is the initial version of the topic-wide synthesis for Technology and AI in digital platforms, automation, and online deception. It consolidates core themes across AI/deepfake-enabled deception, platform governance, and detection strategies, while highlighting methodological patterns, evidence quality, gaps, and directions for future research.

    • Cited sources: 114 (+77)

    Sources added: A crime script perspective on mapping the entry, continuation, and exit pathways of online romance fraud; Amor, dependencia y aislamiento: El impacto psicológico del romance scam; Analysis of "Pig-Butchering Scam" Type of Network Fraud from the Legal Perspective; Analysis of a Cryptocurrency Investment Scam: Pig Butchering; and 73 more.

  4. Version 4

    This is the initial version of the synthesis. It consolidates evidence on technology-enabled deception and defense across the supplied corpus, noting areas of agreement, uncertainty, and directions for future research and governance. Future updates should incorporate newly published data and reassess causal claims as methods mature.

    • Cited sources: 37 (-77)

    Sources removed: A crime script perspective on mapping the entry, continuation, and exit pathways of online romance fraud; Amor, dependencia y aislamiento: El impacto psicológico del romance scam; Analysis of "Pig-Butchering Scam" Type of Network Fraud from the Legal Perspective; Analysis of a Cryptocurrency Investment Scam: Pig Butchering; and 73 more.

  5. Version 3

    This initial version compiles 4–8 sections synthesizing evidence on technology and AI in digital-platform deception and defense. It links claims to a broad set of reviewed sources, prioritizing higher-contribution studies with transparent methods while acknowledging limitations and gaps. The summary highlights AI/deepfake risks, platform-channel dynamics, detection opportunities, and policy directions. No prior version existed for direct comparison; future updates will refine sections as new evi...

    • Cited sources: 114 (+3)

    Sources added: Epistolary Affect and Romance Scams: Letter from an Unknown Woman; Online romance scams and victimhood; The Trajectory of Romance Scams in the U.S.

  6. Version 2

    Initial version. Consolidates evidence on technology and AI in romance scams, emphasizing platforms, automation, AI/deepfakes, and detection needs. Highlights methodological patterns, quality limitations, and future directions drawn from the supplied reviewed records. No new primary data added; conclusions remain aligned with the analysed sources.

    • Cited sources: 111 (+83)

    Sources added: A crime script perspective on mapping the entry, continuation, and exit pathways of online romance fraud; Amor, dependencia y aislamiento: El impacto psicológico del romance scam; Analysis of "Pig-Butchering Scam" Type of Network Fraud from the Legal Perspective; Analyzing the Evolving Modus Operandi of Romance Scams via Court Judgments: Crime Script and Policy Implications; and 81 more.

    Sources removed: Epistolary Affect and Romance Scams: Letter from an Unknown Woman; The Trajectory of Romance Scams in the U.S.

  7. Version 1

    This is the initial version of the evidence synthesis. It consolidates findings from diverse studies on technology and AI in romance scams, highlighting platform roles, AI-enabled deception, detection/prevention needs, and methodological patterns. It identifies agreements, uncertainties, and gaps, and proposes future directions grounded in the reviewed evidence.

    • Publications: 114
    • Evidence statements: 335
    • Cited sources: 28
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