Skip to main content

Living Evidence Synthesis

Revision history

Psychological and Financial Harms

Approved public versions are listed newest first. Drafts, unsuccessful generation attempts, and versions not yet published through this Research Insight are excluded.

Approved public versions

  1. Version 27

    Automated claim-level support repair round 1, correcting 4 passages from synthesis version 26.

  2. Version 26

    Automated evidence-grounded revision attempt 1. Initial version.

    • Publications: 28 (-5)
    • Evidence statements: 146 (-10)
    • Cited sources: 28 (-5)

    Sources removed: An Anatomy of ‘Pig Butchering Scams’: Chinese Victims’ and Police Officers’ Perspectives; Digital Desires, Real Losses: The Complex World of Online Romance Fraud; The tinder swindler: Analyzing public sentiments of romance fraud using machine learning and artificial intelligence; Using artificial intelligence (AI) and deepfakes to deceive victims: the need to rethink current romance fraud prevention messaging; and 1 more.

  3. Version 25

    Initial version synthesizing the supplied reviewed evidence on psychological, social, physical, and financial consequences for victims of romance- and relationship-based online fraud. No prior-version evidence changes to report.

    • Publications: 33 (-8)
    • Evidence statements: 156 (-34)
    • Cited sources: 33 (-8)

    Sources added: Amor, dependencia y aislamiento: El impacto psicológico del romance scam; An Anatomy of ‘Pig Butchering Scams’: Chinese Victims’ and Police Officers’ Perspectives; Connecting Chinese and American Scam Victims; Digital Desires, Real Losses: The Complex World of Online Romance Fraud; and 7 more.

    Sources removed: A scoping review of online romance scams: Conceptual construction and comparative analysis; Bi-Directional Exploitation of Human Trafficking Victims: Both Targets and Perpetrators in Cybercrime; Contextualised Cyber Security Awareness Approach for Online Romance Fraud; Devices of Textual Illusion: Victimization in Romance Scam E-Letters; and 15 more.

  4. Version 24

    Automated evidence-grounded revision attempt 4. Initial version: complete replacement synthesis produced as the first reviewed version under the current audit instructions; no prior-version evidence changes to report.

    • Publications: 41 (-1)
    • Evidence statements: 190 (-3)
    • Cited sources: 41 (-1)

    Sources removed: “You’re not alone”: the use of peer support groups for fraud victims.

  5. Version 23

    Automated evidence-grounded revision attempt 3. Initial version.

    • Publications: 42 (-2)
    • Evidence statements: 193 (-5)
    • Cited sources: 42 (-2)

    Sources removed: Hook, line, and sinker: the mechanics of fraud; The prevention of online romance scams using a crime script analysis from the victim’s perspective.

  6. Version 22

    Automated evidence-grounded revision attempt 2. Initial version: this synthesis is the first complete replacement produced for the controlled topic. It preserves multiple previously audited, protected passages verbatim as required and restricts methodological or inferential statements to those explicitly supported by the attached evidence records. Several previously flagged or partially supported assertions were narrowed or reworded to align strictly with the provided evidence (notably: characte...

    • Publications: 44 (+2)
    • Evidence statements: 198 (+8)
    • Cited sources: 44 (+2)

    Sources added: Modus Operandi and Blockchain Analysis of Romance Scams: Cryptocurrency-Driven Victimization; Romance Scam Reporting and Support: Help-Seeking Timing, Trust, and Escalation; What do we know about online romance fraud studies? A systematic review of the empirical literature (2000 to 2021).

    Sources removed: Expectations vs reality: Responding to online fraud across the fraud justice network.

  7. Version 21

    Automated evidence-grounded revision attempt 1. This is a revised synthesis produced in response to an evidence audit. Verbatim protected passages identified by the audit were retained with the exact evidence IDs requested. Other passages were corrected to remove or narrow assertions that the audit found insufficiently supported (notably claims about the breadth of methodological strengths, peer-support prevalence and demonstrated effectiveness, and explicit reviewer cautions about complaint-der...

    • Publications: 42 (+7)
    • Evidence statements: 190 (+33)
    • Cited sources: 42 (+7)

    Sources added: E-Marketing: Utilizing Social Media and Marketplaces to Start Businesses for Online Love Scam Victims in Indonesia; Expectations vs reality: Responding to online fraud across the fraud justice network; More than Money: Examining the Potential Exposure of Romance Fraud Victims to Identity Crime; The prevention of online romance scams using a crime script analysis from the victim’s perspective; and 3 more.

  8. Version 20

    Initial version.

    • Publications: 35 (+18)
    • Evidence statements: 157 (+38)
    • Cited sources: 35 (+18)

    Sources added: Analyzing the Evolving Modus Operandi of Romance Scams via Court Judgments: Crime Script and Policy Implications; Anatomy of the online dating romance scam; A new type of victim? Profiling survivors of modern slavery in the online scam industry in Southeast Asia; A scoping review of online romance scams: Conceptual construction and comparative analysis; and 21 more.

    Sources removed: Analysis of a Cryptocurrency Investment Scam: Pig Butchering; Does age matter? Examining seniors’ experiences of romance fraud; E-Marketing: Utilizing Social Media and Marketplaces to Start Businesses for Online Love Scam Victims in Indonesia; Exploring Fear of Crime for Those Targeted by Romance Fraud; and 3 more.

  9. Version 19

    Automated claim-level support repair round 1, correcting 8 passages from synthesis version 18.

  10. Version 18

    Automated evidence-grounded revision attempt 2. Initial version: This is the first full synthesis produced for the controlled topic 'Psychological and Financial Harms' using the supplied reviewed evidence. No prior-version edits were applied.

    • Publications: 17 (+5)
    • Evidence statements: 119 (+27)
    • Cited sources: 17 (+5)

    Sources added: Does age matter? Examining seniors’ experiences of romance fraud; E-Marketing: Utilizing Social Media and Marketplaces to Start Businesses for Online Love Scam Victims in Indonesia; More than Money: Examining the Potential Exposure of Romance Fraud Victims to Identity Crime; What do we know about online romance fraud studies? A systematic review of the empirical literature (2000 to 2021); and 1 more.

Return to Psychological and Financial Harms