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Analysis of the Romance Scam Phenomenon in Interpersonal Communication of Love Scammer & Victim

Nomleni, KEJ. (2023) — Jurnal Communio : Jurnal Jurusan Ilmu Komunikasi

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DOI: 10.35508/jikom.v12i2.9179 (opens in a new tab)

Type:   Journal Article
Country:   Indonesia
Tags:   AI-Enabled Fraud, Female Victims, Financial Exploitation, Indonesia, Interpersonal Communication, Love Scammer, Online Dating, Online Dating Platforms, Physical Violence, Romance Scams, Social Penetration, Social Penetration Theory, Victim Experience, Women Victims
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Synopsis

            
The study uses interpretive qualitative phenomenology guided by social penetration theory and DeVito's interpersonal-communication concept. Five women aged 20-35+ who had used dating apps/social media, experienced romance relationships and material/non-material losses were recruited through snowball sampling. The study finds that romance scammers act not only through dating apps and cyberspace but also through victims' friendship relations and offline contact. Victims reported bruising, pain, and minor injuries after physical assault. Although not explicitly labeled as limitations, the study uses a small snowball sample of five female victims and does not interview offenders.

          

        
                  

            
Identified Gaps

            
The paper provides no explicit research-gap section. Its evidence is limited to five women victims and emphasizes interpersonal stages and motives; it does not examine perpetrators directly, compare different victim groups, or systematically assess prevention, reporting outcomes, and longer-term recovery.

          

        
                  

            
Methods

            
Interpretive qualitative phenomenology using social penetration theory and DeVito’s interpersonal-communication concept. Five women aged 20–35+ who had used dating apps/social media, experienced romance relationships and material/non-material losses were recruited through snowball sampling. Data came from semi-structured in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation, and were analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s collection, reduction, display, and conclusion-drawing process.

          

        
                  

            
Limitations

            
Although not explicitly labeled as limitations, the study uses a small snowball sample of five female victims and does not interview offenders. Findings are therefore based on retrospective victim accounts and may not represent men, other age groups, unreported cases, or the full range of romance-scam operations. The qualitative phenomenological design supports contextual insight rather than prevalence estimates or causal conclusions.

          

        
                  

            
Future Work

            
No explicit future-work recommendations are stated. Grounded in the survivor-only, small qualitative sample, future research could include perpetrator perspectives, broader and more diverse victim samples, and examine prevention, reporting, and recovery after romance-scam victimization.

          

              

    
    

        
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