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Criminal practices against women masquerading as romance. Рart 1

Inna S. Alikhadzhiyeva (2026) — Proceedings of the Southwest State University Series History and Law

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DOI: 10.21869/2223-1501-2026-16-1-133-152 (opens in a new tab)

Country:   Global
Tags:   Catfishing, Deepfakes, Emotional Manipulation, Financial Exploitation, Online Dating Platforms, Romance Scams, Victim Typology, Women Victims
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Synopsis

            
The article by Inna S. Alikhadzhiyeva examines criminal schemes built on “false romance,” arguing that deceit aimed at women often relies on manufactured intimacy to gain trust and financial access. It situates this phenomenon within contemporary crime trends, including fraud in elite dating circles, social media scams, and recruitment by terrorist or criminal networks. The work aims to expand criminological understanding of how romantic attachment can be exploited, and it outlines a research program to identify and describe the various scenarios in which crimes masquerade as love, from extortion to manipulation through virtual or real-life relationships. Methodologically, the study applies formal-legal, formal-logical, and socio-psychological analyses to map criminal mechanisms and victim profiles. A key contribution is a criminological typology that classifies female victims according to a criterion the author terms “trust-based victimhood.” The text presents a typology of criminal combinations driven by mercenary motives under the guise of romance, reflecting a psychologically determined offender profile and a structured sequence of victimization. The analysis draws on court records, media reports, and online dating contexts to illustrate how perpetrators cultivate credibility and emotional bonds before pressuring for financial or other material concessions. The major findings describe several representative scenarios. These include “soap opera” style schemes leveraging fake profiles or real-world encounters, rapid emotional escalation, and sophisticated online-to-offline transitions that culminate in financial demands or coercive actions. The author highlights mechanisms such as social engineering, fake partnerships, and staged life events to pressure victims into transfers or commitments. The study concludes that the central driver of this misuse is an artificially created sense of closeness that erodes critical judgment and facilitates financial and psychological harm to female victims.

          

        
                  

            
Identified Gaps

            
The paper states that newer ways women become targets of crime remain outside scientific attention. It identifies a need for systematic criminological description of offenses disguised as romance, including online dating fraud, exploitation through virtual relationships, and victim typologies.

          

        
                  

            
Methods

            
The article uses formal-logical, formal-legal, and socio-psychological analysis. It reports analyzing criminal-case materials, judgments, and media content to structure criminal scenarios, identify a shared offender algorithm, examine social-engineering mechanisms, and develop a typology of women affected by romance-based criminal practices.

          

        
                  

            
Limitations

            
The paper provides no systematic sampling frame, case-selection criteria, prevalence estimates, or comparative testing of its proposed typology. Its examples draw substantially on media accounts and selected cases, so the frequency and generalizability of the described tactics and victim categories cannot be determined from the supplied text.

          

        
                  

            
Future Work

            
Develop and evaluate targeted victimological prevention measures that help women recognize accelerated emotional involvement, avoidance of in-person meetings, fabricated crises, and urgent financial requests. Research should also assess detection and prevention of deepfake-enabled romance fraud.

          

              

    
    

        
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