This catalog-style study examines the causes of crime and the social impact of romance fraud in Mainland China from 2019 to 2021. Grounded in recent research across social science, education, and humanities, it surveys the intersecting factors that contribute to the occurrence of romance scams and the wider consequences for individuals and communities. The analysis considers structural elements such as economic conditions, digital infrastructure, and demographic shifts, as well as micro-level dynamics including personal relationships, trust development, and the manipulation of emotions. The study draws on criminological theory