Han, Bing (2026) — Critical criminological perspectives
This piece examines Romance Fraud in China within the broader context of online fraud and mediated communication. It outlines common patterns documented in the literature, describes how offenders cultivate trust and shif...
Han, Bing; Button, Mark (2025) — Deviant Behavior
This article analyzes the hybrid romance–investment scam known as “pig butchering” (Sha Zhu Pan, 杀猪盘) from the perspectives of Chinese victims and police officers. Unlike traditional romance scams, pig butchering fuse...
Luo, Qiaoyu; Zhao, Yun (2025) — Trends in Organized Crime
This piece examines Butcher or be butchered: understanding the unwitting recruitment by cybercrime groups in China within the broader context of online fraud and mediated communication. It outlines common patterns docume...
Fu, Zhenglang (2024) — Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media
This paper examines pig-butchering scams (Sha Zhu Pan) from a legal perspective, focusing on their causes, operation, challenges for China’s legal system, and possible countermeasures. Pig-butchering scams are distinguis...
Yan, Yiwen (2024) — Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research
This catalog-style study examines the causes of crime and the social impact of romance fraud in Mainland China from 2019 to 2021. Grounded in recent research across social science, education, and humanities, it surveys t...
Jiang, HN.; Wang, CH.; Duan, ZZ. (2023) — Scholars Bulletin
The body of fraud literature documents a shift from traditional offline schemes to online telecom-based deception, with pig-butchering scams emerging as a notable example. This form has been highlighted as one of the ten...
Wang, F.; Zhou, X. (2022) — Victims & Offenders
This catalog-style synopsis surveys persuasive schemes behind Sha Zhu Pan (杀猪盘), the online romance scam phenomenon observed in China that concentrates on financial exploitation. The entry outlines a broad interaction...
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